Convert temperatures between Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin, including oven settings, body temperature and scientific values.
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Water freezes at 0 °C, which is 32 °F, and boils at 100 °C or 212 °F at standard pressure. Body temperature of 37 °C is 98.6 °F, and 20 °C is 293.15 K.
Fahrenheit is Celsius × 9 ÷ 5 + 32, and the reverse is (°F − 32) × 5 ÷ 9. Kelvin starts at absolute zero and uses Celsius-sized steps, so it is Celsius + 273.15. Because the scales have different zero points, they are not simple multiples of one another.
Values below absolute zero are physically impossible and are rejected: 0 K equals −273.15 °C and −459.67 °F. The SI unit is written K without a degree sign. The 5:9 ratio often produces long repeating decimals, so a converted value may need rounding for practical use.
Celsius, Fahrenheit and Kelvin are not simple multiples of each other, because their zero points differ. Fahrenheit is Celsius × 9 ÷ 5 + 32, so water freezes at 0 °C or 32 °F and boils at 100 °C or 212 °F at standard pressure. Kelvin starts at absolute zero and uses Celsius-sized steps, so 20 °C is 293.15 K. The two familiar scales meet at one point: −40 °C is exactly −40 °F.
Normal body temperature is often given as 37 °C, which is 98.6 °F. Oven settings are usually rounded in recipes: 180 °C converts to exactly 356 °F, but American recipes normally say 350 °F, which is about 176.67 °C, and ovens vary by more than that difference. When following a recipe from another country, use the nearest standard dial setting rather than the exact decimal, and check doneness by colour, texture or an internal thermometer.
A change in temperature converts without the offset of 32. A rise of 10 °C is a rise of 18 °F, not 50 °F, because only the 9 ÷ 5 step size applies to differences. Enter a difference by converting two actual temperatures and subtracting. Absolute zero, 0 K, equals −273.15 °C and −459.67 °F; values below it are physically impossible and are rejected, and the SI unit is written K without a degree sign.
| Input | Result |
|---|---|
0 °C → °F | 32 |
100 °C → °F | 212 |
37 °C → °F | 98.6 |
-40 °C → °F | -40 |
180 °C → °F | 356 |
350 °F → °C | 176.66666667 |
20 °C → K | 293.15 |
-459.67 °F → K | 0 |
Because oven dials are rounded. 180 °C converts to exactly 356 °F, yet American recipes normally say 350 °F, which is about 176.67 °C. Ovens vary by more than that difference, so use the nearest standard dial setting and judge doneness by colour, texture or an internal thermometer.
Leave out the offset of 32. A rise of 10 °C is a rise of 18 °F, not 50 °F, because only the 9 ÷ 5 step size applies to a change. The simplest way is to convert both actual temperatures and subtract the results, which handles the offset automatically.
At exactly one point: −40 °C is −40 °F. Below that the Fahrenheit figure is the lower of the two, and above it Fahrenheit is higher, which is why the two scales cross only once. Absolute zero sits far below, at −459.67 °F, which converts back to 0 K.
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